介詞短語的用法

介詞短語可以表語，狀語，表示時間，地點，伴隨狀況等。

介詞短語也可以作定語，放在中心詞後面。

如：The pen on the desk is mine.書桌上的那本書是我的。

1.介詞短語作表語

On the mountains are many green trees and wild flowers. 山上有很多綠樹和野花。

這裏On the mountains不是作主語，這個句子是一個倒裝的形式，介詞短語位於句首的倒裝，原本句子的結構應該是many green trees and wild flowers are on the mountains.

2.介詞短語可以用作狀語

They run around the playground. 他們繞着操場跑步。

3.介詞短語可以用作定語

These flowers in the garden were planted by his father three years ago.院子裏的這些花是他爸爸三年前栽種的。

4.介詞短語可以用作賓語補足語

That accident kept him in bed for two months.那場意外讓他卧牀三個月。

5.介詞短語可以用作主語補足語

She was found in despair.（主語補足語）她被發現處於絕望之中。

英語介詞短語的用法

1. 用作表語

Mr. Smith is still in bed. 史密斯先生還在睡覺。

He was already in his sixties. 他已經六十多歲了。

Dinner was at one o’clock. 一點鐘開午飯。

We are out of food. 我們食物吃完了。

2. 用作狀語

The children are playing by the river. 孩子們在河邊玩。

They often talk in English after class. 他們經常在課後用英語交談。

Let’s go for a walk along the river. 咱們到江邊散散步。

3. 用作定語

The woman in the room is his wife. 房間裏的那個女人是他的妻子。

China is country with a long history. 中國是一個具有悠久歷史的國家。

【注】介詞短語作定語時必須置於被修飾名詞之後。又如：

the people on the bus 公共汽車上的人

the girl in front of me 我前面的女孩

a woman in black 一個穿黑衣的婦女

a book on sports 一本關於運動的書

a boy with red hair紅頭髮的男孩

information about Paris關於巴黎的情況

4. 用作賓語補足語

We found her in tears. 我們發現她在哭泣。

The cold kept him in bed for three days. 這次感冒讓他卧牀三天。

【注】用作賓語補足語的介詞短語在相應的被動語態中則為主語補足語：

He was regarded as a hero. 他被看成是英雄。

5. 用作賓語

I saw her from across the street. 我從街對面望見了她。

He goes to work every day except on Sunday. 除星期日外，他每天都上班。

I won’t go home until after the exam. 我要等考完後再回家。