因為hold是不規則動詞啊 所以hold-held-held fold是規則的 fold-folded-folded
不規則動詞並不是雜亂無章的,可根據其中
的一些內部規律來記憶,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 原形、過去式、過去分詞相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (細心的你一定會發現,這些詞中大多數是以字母t結尾的。)
二、 原形、過去式相同,過去分詞不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、 原形、過去分詞相同,過去式不同:
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
come,become,屬不規則變化,但welcome屬規則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞為:welcomed,welcomed
四、 過去式,過去分詞相同:
(1) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然後再在詞尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 詞尾為的ll 去掉一個l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 過去式和過去分詞以aught或 ought結尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 將stand改為stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 將ay改為aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 將d改為t
lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 將i改為a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) 將ell改為old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) 詞尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) 有兩種過去式和過去分詞, 一種是不規則的, 一種是規則的
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) 其它
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1) 過去式以ew結尾 、過去分詞以own結尾
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i為o變成過去式,過去分詞以n結尾
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) 原形後加n變成過去分詞
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen
give/gave/given
(5) 過去式後加n變成過去分詞
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、 有兩種過去式和過去分詞,但詞義相同。
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
七、動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產生不同詞義:
shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞:
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung懸掛 hanged/hanged絞死
八、兩個既可以做過去式,又可以做動詞原形的詞
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(現在分詞)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find 找到、發現find/found/found
found 創建,成立 found/founded/founded
九、根據動詞之間的詞義聯繫來記憶
(一)詞義相對:
(1) come/came/come來—— go/went/gone去
(2) give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmE gotten)獲得
(3) sleep/slept/slept睡覺——
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒來
(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——
fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(5) buy/bought/bought買—— sell/sold/sold出售, 賣
(6) take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought 帶來
(7) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 學習、學會
(8) lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
(9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、發送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)獲得、收到
(二)、詞義相近:
(1) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打敗
win/won/won贏得、獲勝
(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 瞭解
know/knew/known 知道, 瞭解, 認識
(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)變成、成為、變得
become/became/become 變成, 成為, 變得
go/went/gone變成
turn/turned/turned變成
(4) spend/spent/spent 花費、度過
pay/paid/paid 支付、交納
cost/cost/cost花費、價值為
take/took/taken花費
(5) say/said/said説、講
speak/spoke/spoken説、演講
tell/told/told 告訴、説、吩咐、斷定
talk/talked/talked談話, 講, 談論, 議論