氫:正一價、零價、負一價
鈉、鉀:正一價
鎂、鈣、鋇:正二價、零價
鋁:正三價、零價
碳:正四價、正二價、零價、負二價、負四價,在有機化合物中應把氫當正一價、氧當負二價再來算碳化合價
硅:正四價、正二價、零價、負二價、負四價
氮、磷:正一價、正三價、正五價、零價、負一價、負三價、負五價,氮有負二價
氧:正二價、正四價、零價、負二價
硫:正二價、正四價、正六價、零價、負二價、負四價、負六價
氟:正一價、正三價、正五價、零價、負一價
氯、溴、碘:正一價、正三價、正五價、正七價、零價、負一價