相當於名詞的成分才可作主語或賓語g done作主語或賓語時是動名詞,相當於名詞,而done是過去分詞,相當於形容詞或副詞,不能充當名詞的作用,故不可作主語或賓語.
例:(1)Once spoken, a word becomes a promise.一言既出,駟馬難追.(作狀語)(2)Once poured, water can’t be taken back again.覆水難收.(作狀語)(3)Never corner a defeated enemy. 窮寇莫追 . (4)Impressed by the beautiful scenery, I forgot togo back home in time. 流連忘返.(作狀語)(5)A fault once denied(否認) is twice committed(犯)(作表語).否認錯誤等於錯上加錯.(6)A contented mind is a continual feast (宴席).知足常樂.(作定語)(7)Grief(憂愁) divided is made lighter.分擔憂愁能使憂愁減輕.(作定語)You will feel very frustrated if you find yourselfsometimesmisunderstood by (被誤解)yourbest friends. (misunderstand)1.及物動詞的過去分詞稱為_donebeing 加過去分詞稱為_ being done.這兩者都與邏輯主語構成被動關係.2.在句中擔任主語和賓語時,只能用being dong,而不用 done.因為done具有形容詞和副詞的功能,不具有名詞的性質,所以 done不能作主語和賓語 .而 being done既可用作動名詞的例子:1.充當主語和賓語.(1)Being caught in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant experience.( 作主語)交通擁擠堵車是相當討厭的經歷.(2) He narrowly escaped being run over,.being done 和 done 都能作表語,但 being done的動作意義強,而 done只能表狀態.
在某些情況下可以,有一種形式就是……ed is ……ed
比如 :done is done,其實是 what done is done的簡單表示方法,不過不推薦作為書面語言使用
1、having been done表示一個動作發生之前的另一個動作,done也可以。
例:
Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up.
=Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up.
被咬兩次後,郵遞員拒絕給我們送信除非我們用繩索把狗兒拴住
Killed, she couldn't stop her blood from going chilled.被殺後,她血流不止
2、但是done做主語的時候不一定等於having been done,也就是説done做主語時範圍比較廣。done可以表示兩個動作的同時性
例:Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.
=When the city was seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.