鈉和乙醇的反應就是鈉取代乙醇中羥基中的氫原子,方程式:2CH3CH2OH+2Na=2CH3CH2ONa+H2
Na2CO3 + C6H5OH ===NaHCO3 + C6H5ONa
NaOH + C6H5OH ===C6H5ONa + H2O
2Na+2C6H5OH ===2C6H5ONa + H2
苯酚和碳酸氫鈉不反應
醇羥基:只和Na反應
2C2H5OH+2Na=2C2H5ONa+H2
羧基
2R-COOH + Na2CO3 === 2R-COONa + H2O + CO2(g)
R-COOH + NaHCO3 ===R-COONa + H2O + CO2(g)
R-COOH + NaOH === R-COONa + H2O
2R-COOH + 2Na=== 2R-COONa + H2
2Na+2CH3CH2OH=2CH3CH2ONa+H2↑
反應現象:乙醇和鈉的反應時,鈉下沉,有氣泡出現,但無爆鳴聲,反應結束後,試管壁變熱,但鈉不熔化